OBJECTIVE: Acute appendicitis is the most frequent nonobstetric disease which requires surgery during pregnancy. We intend to explicate 10 cases who get surgery due to acute apendicitis in our clinic.

METHODS: Clinical features of 10 pregnant patients admitted to our hospital between February 2009 - December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively
RESULTS: Abdominal pain was the reason for admission to hospital of 10 patients included in study. Abdominal pain was localized to right lower quadrant in our 9 patient, right upper quadrant in one patient with 32 week pregnancy. Abdominal ultrasound examination was performed to 8 patient preoperatively and 5 of them (%62.5) diagnosed as acute appendicitis. 3 patients who were not diagnosed as acute appendicitis by ultrasound imaging, got surgery due to pain in physical examination. Pathologic diagnosis was “appendicitis with inflammation and edema” in 7 patients and “appendicitis with necrosis and gangrene” in 1 patient. Pathologic diagnosis was normal in 2 patients who has not underwent ultrasonic examination.

CONCLUSION: We thought that even though acute appendicitis is difficult to diagnose during pregnancy, multidisciplinary aproach of surgeon, gynocologist and radiologist may decrease delay at treatment by the way decrease maternal and fetal motality and morbility rate.

OBJECTIVE: In our study, we retrospectively analysed the effect of surgical varicocele repair on sperm analysis and fertility status of infertile patients in the late period.
METHODS: We retrospectively searched the records of 240 patients who underwent surgical varicocele repair between January 2004 and June 2012 in Kars State Hospital and Kafkas University Faculty of Medicine. 148 patients with obtained full medical records, sperm analysis and doppler ultrasonography were included in the study. We could not reach the postoperative data of 46 patients and they were asked current status of fertility on the phone and invited to our department for new semen analysis. Couples whose pregnancies resulted with abortions after varicocele repair were accepted as fertile.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 29.3 years ranging between 19 and 38 years old. Preoperative sperm analysis showed oligospermia, oligoasthenospermia and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia in 70.6%, 22.4% and 7% of cases, respectively. Postoperative semen anlaysis revealed improvements in at least one of sperm concentration, motility and morphology in 125 patients according to the WHO criteria and 80 of couples had spontaneous fertilization after varicocelectomy without any requirement of assisted reproductive techniques.
CONCLUSION: Our study showed increase in parameters of semen analyses and spontaneous pregnancies in patients after varicocelectomy. We advise varicocelectomy to the infertile cases with varicoceles.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to evaluate the complication rates of circumcisions performed by specialists in the hospitals.
METHODS: 2220 patients with the ages ranging between 0 and 19 years old were circumcised by urologists and general surgeons in Kars State Hospital, Kafkas University Faculty of Medicine, Kars Private Bioanaliz and Þifa outpatient clinics between June 2004 and September 2012. Dorsal ventral slit and excision technique was preferred for all patients. The procedures were performed in hospitals with obeying the surgical sterilization rules.
RESULTS: The overall complication rate was 3.3%; bleeding was the most common one with a rate of 1.65%, infection in 1.2%, inadequate excision in 0.25% and complications related with anesthesia in 0.2%. Bleeding complications were not serious and only 11 cases (0.49%) required re-intervention under local anesthesia, of these, hemorhagic diatesis was found in 4. Ýnfection that threatened the life of the patient was not observed.
CONCLUSION: Circumcision is a surgical modality. It had rules to be obeyed like the other surgical modalities and a technique. Serious complications are very rare, if deferred to these rules and performed by specialists in the hospitals’ conditions. We advise to investigate the patients for hemorhagic diatesis prior to circumcision. Key words: circumcision, complications

OBJECTIVE: In this study,it was aimed to investigate the level of knowledge and attitudes of healty care workers about Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Artvin.
METHODS: Data on knowledge and attitude of health care workers about CCHF was collected with a questionnaire.
RESULTS: Of the participants 58.6% thought they had sufficient knowledge about the CCHF. When the questionnaires were evaluated, it was seen that health care personnel have a high level of knowledge about clinical and findings of CCHF but not have enough knowledge about laboratory findings.
CONCLUSION: Education about KKKA is necessary for Health Care Worker especially in the epidemic region.

Very late stent thrombosis is a well-known complication of drug eluting stents. The recognized risk of late stent thrombosis associated with bare metal stents is too low. In this report, we present a 60 year old male patient who had an acute inferior myocardial infarction due to very late thrombosis (>10 years) of a bare metal stent. Intracoronary thrombus aspiration was performed and thrombus was extracted from the coronary artery with subsequent restoration of TIMI 3 distal flow. Very late stent thrombosis is an extremely rare complication of bare metal stents. With this case report we would like to emphasize the possibility of very late stent thrombosis with bare metal stent despite ongoing aspirin therapy.

Renal colic due to ureteral stones is a common medical situation in the emergency. Double j ureteral stent insertion may lead relief of obstruction. Stones or fragments may migrate to the kidney via retrograde way during insertion of double j stent or ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy. Besides this, spontaneous retrograde migration is an unusual phenomenon. In this article, we reported a case with spontaneous retrograde migration of a ureteral stone which was secondary to the insertion of double j stent for relief of obstructive uropathy and infection. We revealed that benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) might increase this probability.

Tuberculosis epididymitis is a rare illness of which diagnosis is difficult to made. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection primarily effects lungs. Genitourinary system tubercolusis occurs via hematogenous spread in % 10 – 20 of these effected patients. Genitourinary tuberculosis mostly effects kidneys, prostate and epididymis in men. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is difficult to diagnose and treatment is more difficult compared with pulmonary tuberculosis. Mostly invasive procedures are required for diagnosis. Two cases of which are diagnosed as tuberculosis epididymitis in excisional epididiym biopsy are presented here.

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent condition that has a significant impact on quality of life. The usual treatment approach is both behavioral and pharmacological. The first-line pharmacological treatment commonly utilizes anticholinergic agents, which may be limited by their tolerability, efficacy, and long-term compliance. Developments in elucidating the pathophysiology of OAB and alternative targets for pharmacological therapy have led to newer agents being developed to manage this condition. These agents which have alternate mechanism of action and avoid the anticholinergic side effects.