Kocaeli Med J. 2022; 11(3): 247-252 | DOI: 10.5505/ktd.2022.24434

Comparison of Prognosis Between SARS-CoV-2 Wild and Variant Lineages in Kocaeli Province, Turkey

Müge Toygar Deniz¹, Murat Sayan², Sýla Akhan³, Sevda Soydan^4
1Kocaeli State Hospital, Infectious Disease Clinics, Kocaeli, Turkey
²Kocaeli University,Clinical Laboratory, PCR Unit, Kocaeli, Turkey
³Kocaeli University, Deparment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Kocaeli, Turkey
⁴Derince Training and Research Hospital, Deparment of Microbiology, Kocaeli, Turkey

INTRODUCTION: Recently, genetic variants of SARS-CoV-2 are becoming increasingly common around the world. RNA viruses constantly accumulate genomic mutations as they spread among humans. In this study, we aimed to compare whether SARS-CoV-2 variants and wild types are associated with different outcomes among COVID-19 patients in Kocaeli, Turkey.
METHODS: Patients aged >14 years with a definitive COVID-19 diagnosis were included. The nasopharyngeal samples were scanned with the Bio-Speedy® SARS-CoV-2 Variant Plus kit (Bioeksen Inc., Istanbul, Turkey), designed to distinguish B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1 strains. Positive detected samples were confirmed by next-generation sequencing.
RESULTS: 53 variants and 33 wild-type lineages infected COVID-19 patients were evaluated in our study. SARS-CoV-2 positive samples from 59 patients were assigned a lineage following next-genome sequencing 52 belonging to the B.1.1.7 lineage, 1 to the South African B.1.351lineage, and 6 to the wild lineage. In the variant group, 46 (86.8%) patients had mild disease.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We found that patients with variant lineage had mild disease. Hospitalization and intensive care requirements were less in this group. It is important to detect new genetic variants of SARS-CoV-2 with the sequencing method which is the gold standard for the epidemiology of the virus.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, prognosis, SARS-CoV-2 variants

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Kocaeli Ýli, Türkiye'deki SARS-CoV-2 Yabani ve Varyant Soylarý Arasýndaki Prognoz Karþýlaþtýrmasý

Müge Toygar Deniz¹, Murat Sayan², Sýla Akhan³, Sevda Soydan^4
1Kocaeli Devlet Hastanesi, Enfeksiyon Hastalýklarý Kliniði, Kocaeli, Türkiye
²Kocaeli Üniversitesi, PCR Ünitesi, Kocaeli, Türkiye
³Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Enfeksiyon Hastalýklarý ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalý, Kocaeli, Türkiye
⁴Derince Eðitim ve Araþtýrma Hastanesi, Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalý, Kocaeli, Türkiye

GÝRÝÞ ve AMAÇ: Son zamanlarda, SARS-CoV-2'nin genetik varyantlarý dünya çapýnda giderek daha yaygýn hale geliyor. RNA virüsleri, insanlar arasýnda yayýlýrken sürekli olarak genomik mutasyonlar biriktirir. Bu çalýþmada, Kocaeli, Türkiye'deki COVID-19 hastalarý arasýnda SARS-CoV-2 varyantlarýnýn ve vahþi tiplerin farklý sonuçlarla iliþkili olup olmadýðýný karþýlaþtýrmayý amaçladýk.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Kesin COVID-19 teþhisi konan 14 yaþýndan büyük hastalar dahil edildi. Nazofaringeal örnekler B.1.1.7, B.1.351 ve P.1 suþlarýný ayýrt etmek için tasarlanmýþ Bio-Speedy® SARS-CoV-2 Variant Plus kiti (Bioeksen Inc., Ýstanbul, Türkiye) ile tarandý. Pozitif tespit edilen örnekler, yeni nesil dizileme ile doðrulandý.


BULGULAR: Çalýþmamýzda 53 varyant ve 33 vahþi tip soy enfekte COVID-19 hastasý deðerlendirildi. 59 hastadan alýnan SARS-CoV-2 pozitif numunelere, B.1.1.7 soyuna ait 52, Güney Afrika B.1.351 soyuna ve 6'sý vahþi soylara ait sonraki genom dizilimi sonrasýnda bir soy atanmýþtýr. Varyant grubunda 46 (%86,8) hastada hafif hastalýk mevcuttu.
TARTIÞMA ve SONUÇ: Varyant soya sahip hastalarýn hafif hastalýðý olduðunu bulduk. Bu grupta yatýþ ve yoðun bakým gereksinimleri daha azdý. Virüsün epidemiyolojisi için altýn standart olan dizileme yöntemi ile SARS-CoV-2'nin yeni genetik varyantlarýnýn saptanmasý önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, prognoz, SARS-CoV-2 varyantlarý

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